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Research Article

Detection of SARs CoV-2 During Initial Phase of Pandemic from Population of Banas Kantha District of Gujarat -India with Special Emphasis on Pooled Samples

Parjith N Goswami*, Shashank J Pandya and Hiren Patel

Corresponding Author: Parjith N Goswami MBBS, MD(Microbiology), Professor and Head-GCRI. Microbiology Laboratory, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, NCH Campus- Asarwa, Ahmedabad-380016, Gujarat, India.

Received: March 20, 2021 ;    Revised: April 6, 2021 ;    Accepted: April 9, 2021 ;   Available Online: May 26, 2021

Citation: Goswami PN, Pandya SJ & Patel H. (2021) Detection of SARs CoV-2 During Initial Phase of Pandemic from Population of Banas Kantha District of Gujarat -India with Special Emphasis on Pooled Samples. Int J Med Microbiol Immunol, 1(1): 1-7.

Copyrights: ©2021 Goswami PN, Pandya SJ & Patel H. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Abstract

Introduction: Coronavirus (SARs CoV-2) has caused an immense effect on morbidity and mortality of the population globally. We undertook this study as we are a part of one of the network laboratories of Indian Council Medical Research to test the patient’s sample by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT PCR) for the ORF 1 ab gene of coronavirus.

Material and Method: For a period of one and half months (14th April to 31st May 2020), we tested the nasopharynx and oro-pharynx swab samples sent to us in Viral Transport Media (VTM) from the assigned districts of Gujarat. All the samples were subjected to the RT PCR method by following the standard methods.

Results: Total of 9.04% (256/2833) population was positive and 54.29% (139/256) belonged to age groups 21-40 and 25.78% (66/256) to 41-60 years. Above the age of 60 years, there were only 8.59% (22/256) cases which were positive. It was advantageous to pool the samples. Out of the number of pools prepared, we reported around 80% negative and the rest were positive in pools. The study also included association of viral load and infectivity. We found that 12% of the asymptomatic people and 5.1% of symptomatic individuals had high viral load.

Conclusion: It is seen that the detection of Novel Coronavirus -19 (SARs COV 2) by RT PCR is a reliable method and the establishment of the Ct value and infectivity of the patient to the health care workers and relatives needs to be taken care of. Also, the study presents asymptomatic patients having high viral loads being highly infective.

Keywords: Coronavirus, SARs coV-2, ORF 1ab gene, COVID-19, Ct Value

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